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S

Salts

synonym for electrolytes


Saphrophite

an organism living and feeding on dead and putrefying matter


Sarcolemma

membrane surrounding a skeletal muscle fibre


Satiety

the satisfaction of appetite


Scattered radiation (scatter)

X-rays which have collided with matter, lost some energy and changed direction

Screen film

X-ray film which is placed in a cassette containing intensifying screens prior to use

Sebaceous

relating to glands found in the dermis of the skin, that produce sebum


Seborrhoea

Excessively oily skin, due to overproduction of sebum


Sebum

an oily substance produced by sebaceous glands in the skin


Second filial generation

offspring produced by breeding from two individuals from the F1 generation; denoted as F2 in genetic notation


Sensory fibres

nerve fibres that carry impulses towards the central nervous system


Septicaemia

the presence of pathogenic bacteria in the blood


Serum

the fluid that separates from blood when it clots


Sex chromosomes

the pair of chromosomes that determine the gender of an individual


Sex-limited gene

gene that influences a characteristic seen in either the male or the female


Sex-linked gene

gene carried on one of the sex chromosomes


Sharpness

the clarity of structures on a radiograph


Shift to the left

increased numbers of immature white blood cells circulating in the blood


Sinus

cavity within a bone or other tissue; paranasal sinuses are air-filled cavities in the bones of the face


Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

system of membrane-bound tubes and sacs that is involved in the synthesis of lipids


Smooth muscle

muscle tissue with no striations that is not under voluntary control


Solubilised

a substance is dissolved in another


Solute

the ionic component of an electrolyte

Solvent

the liquid component of an electrolyte

Somatic cells

the classification of every cell in the body except for the germ (reproductive) cells


Somatic damage

damage to the tissues caused by X-rays which becomes apparent during the individual's lifetime


Somatic motor nerve

nerve fibres that carry impulses from the central nervous system to a somatic structure


Somatic sensory nerve

nerve fibres that carry impulses from a somatic structure to the central nervous system


Somatic structures

structures that lie in the skin and the musculoskeletal system


Special sense organs

organs that have evolved to house the exteroreceptors of the body


Sphincter

muscular ring that controls flow in and out of an organ


Spinal nerves

any of the pairs of nerves that arise from the spinal cord


Stable tissues

Repair by regeneration is sometimes possible.


Steatorrhoea

the presence of excess fat in faeces


Stercobolin

bile pigment found in faeces and responsible for the characteristic colour of faeces


Sterilisation

the destruction of all microorganisms and their spores


Striated muscle

muscle fibres that have striations and are under voluntary control; also called skeletal muscle


Subcutaneous

under the skin


Subcutis

the deepest layer of skin composed mainly of adipose tissue


Sudoriferous gland

gland in the dermis of the skin that secretes sweat


Sympathetic nervous system


Syncope

fainting


Systole

contraction stage of the cardiac cycle. The term applies to both atrial and ventricular contraction.



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