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Immunity

ability to resist specific types of disease


Inappetence

Lack of appetite

Inbreeding

breeding from two animals that are closely related, e.g. brother and sister


Inbreeding depression

loss of health and increasing weakness brought about by inbreeding over successive generations


Incubation period

the time between an individual animal meeting a source of infection and developing clinical signs of disease

Infection

the invasion and multiplication of micro-organisms in body tissues


Infectious

capable of causing disease between animals

Inflammation

the body's reaction to injury and infection characterized by pain, swelling and heat


Ingestion

the taking in of food


Ingredient

a raw or processed foodstuff used in manufacturing food


Inorganic

a substance that is not derived from a living organism and does not contain hydrocarbon groups


Inotrope

drug that increases the force of cardiac contraction


Insensible losses

water losses from the body that cannot be accurately measured

Inspiration

the act of taking air into the body - breathing in


Inspiratory capacity


Inspiratory reserve volume

the extra volume of air taken into the lungs, above that of the normal tidal volume after a forced inspiration


Intensifying screens

structures within a radiographic cassette which fluoresce when struck by X-rays


Intercalated neuron

a neuron that lies between a sensory and a motor neuron but which in itself has neither sensory nor motor functions


Internal respiration

the exchange of gases between the blood and the tissues. Also called tissue respiration.

Interoceptors

sensory cells that detect stimuli from within the body, for example, information pertaining to blood pressure


Interspecific hybrid

result of crossing two animals from different species


Interstitial fluid

fluid found between the cells but not within the vascular system


Intracellular fluid (ICF)

fluid found inside the cells


Intramuscular

into a muscle


Intrathecal

injection where drugs are administered into the cerebrospinal fluid


Intravenous

into a vein


Intussusception

telescoping of part of the intestine into itself causing an obstruction


Inverse square law

the intensity of the radiation beam is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source i.e. X-rays diverge increasingly, the further they travel from the tube head, and their intensity falls


Ion

a charged particle


Isotonic

a fluid with the same osmotic pressure as that with which it is compared (usually plasma)


Isotonic fluid

has the same concentration of solutes as blood plasma; water neither enters nor leaves the cells and remains in equilibrium 



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