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E

Ectoparasite

a parasite that lives on the outside of the host


Efferent nerve fibres

carry nerve impulses away from the central nervous system


Electrolyte

a liquid that contains ions (salts) such as sodium and potassium


Electromagnetic spectrum

Radiation which possesses electrical and magnetic properties

Electron

a negatively charged particle

Embolism

a clot, air bubble or debris (embolus) which is carried in the blood stream from one point in the circulation to lodge at another point


Embryo

stage of development in the zygote in which the external and internal structures are developing


Emesis

vomiting


Emetic

Something that induces vomiting


Emollients

substances such as liquid paraffin that will aid expulsion from the digestive tract


Emulsification

process where fat particles are broken down into smaller globules suspended in a liquid


Emulsion

a liquid in which droplets of other liquids are suspended, but the liquids do not mix


Endemic

a disease peculiar to or that occurs constantly in certain localities or populations

Endobronchial

positioned in the bronchus


Endocardium

the innermost layer of the heart


Endocrine gland

ductless gland whose secretions (hormones) reach their target organ via the bloodstream


Endocytosis

the movement of a substance, in bulk, into a cell by the formation of vesicles from the plasma membrane


Endoparasite

a parasite that lives inside the host

Endothermic

regulation of body temperature by internal heat production


Endotoxin

a toxic substance released by bacteria when the organism dies

Endotracheal

positioned in the trachea


Energy

the ability to do work; all the body's activities require energy which is provided by the consumption of food containing chemical energy


Enteral feeding

uses the gastrointestinal tract to provide nutrition

Enzootic

a disease peculiar to or that occurs regularly in certain localities or populations


Enzyme

a protein which is able to act as a catalyst within a living organism


Eosinopaenia

reduced numbers of circulating eosinophils in the blood


Eosinophil

type of granular white blood cell


Eosinophilia

increased number of circulating eosinophils in the blood. May be seen in cases of allergy or parasite infestation.


Epidermis

the tough outer protective layer of the skin

Epistasis

a gene that suppresses the activity of other genes at other loci


Epithelium

tissue composed of cells that lines the internal and external surfaces of the body; plural is epithelia


Eructation

a belch; oral ejection of gas or air from the stomach


Eruption of teeth

Process by which teeth break through the gum to appear in the jaw


Erythema

reddening of the skin


Erythroblasts

immature red blood cells


Erythrocytes

red blood corpuscles or cells


Erythropoiesis

the formation of red blood cells


Erythropoietin

hormone produced by the kidney which stimulates the bone marrow to produce new red blood cells


Eukaryote

a cell with cytoplasm containing a membrane-bound nucleus in addition to other organelles


Excretion

the process by which waste materials are removed from the body


Exocrine gland

gland whose secretions reach their target organ by means of a duct


Exocytosis

the movement of a substance, in bulk, out of a cell by fusion of vesicles containing the substance with the plasma membrane


Exothermic

regulation of body temperature by the external environment rather than by internal metabolism


Exotoxin

a toxic substance released by the living bacteria

Expiration

the process by which gas is expelled from the lungs - breathing out


Expiratory capacity


Expiratory reserve volume

the extra volume of air forced out of the lungs, above that of normal tidal volume after a forced expiration


External respiration

the exchange of gases between the atmospheric air and the blood. Also called breathing.


Exteroreceptors

sensory cells that receive information from the environment outside the body


Extracellular fluid (ECF)

fluid found outside the cells


Exudate

fluid with a high protein and cell content that has seeped out of the blood vessels and is found in tissues, usually as a result of inflammation



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