a reflex that is automatic and unconscious

composed of a single cell

gives birth to one neonate

a motor neuron that starts in the brain and transfers information to the spinal cord

increased level of urea in the blood

inflammation of the urethra

inability to control the flow of urine out of the body

straining to pass urine

a calculus in the urinary tract

the formation of uroliths, calculi or 'stones' in the kidney, bladder or urethra