Gametespecialized germ cell. Either sperm or ovum. Contains the haploid (n) number of chromosomes. |
Ganglion (pl.ganglia)collection of nerve cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system |
Gaseous exchangethe movement of gases between an organism and its environment; often takes place across a specialized surface, for example the alveoli of the lungs |
GastritisInflammation of the stomach |
Geneunit of inheritance. Short units of DNA which codes for a particular protein or polypeptide. |
Genetic damageharmful effects of X-rays which affect the genes of the reproductive cells |
Genetics the science of inheritance. Physical characteristics and abilities are largely determined by ‘genetic makeup’. In the 1860s, Mendel carried out studies which showed that each organism has physical traits which correspond to invisible elements within the cell. |
Genotypethe genetic make-up of an animal |
GeriatricElderly; the term is often used when an animal reaches or exceeds 75% of its expected lifespan |
Gestationthe period of development of the young from fertilization to birth |
Giantismlarger than normal size |
Gingivitisinflammation of the gingiva or gums |
Glial cell |
Glucosuriathe presence of glucose in the urine |
Glutenthe protein found in wheat and other cereal grains |
Glycogenolysisbreakdown of glycogen stored in the liver to release glucose |
Glycolipidsfats that bind to one or more chains of sugars |
Glycoproteinsproteins that bind to one or more chains of sugars |
Golgi apparatusa stack of membrane-bound, flattened sacs responsible for the modification and export of proteins from the cell |
Gonadmale (testis) or female (ovary) organ responsible for producing the gametes |
Gonadotrophinany of the hormones that stimulate the gonads |
Gram negativeclassification of bacteria; Gram negative bacteria do not retain the crystal violet stain in a Gram stain |
Gram positiveclassification of bacteria; Gram positive bacteria retain the crystal violet stain in a Gram stain |
Grida device for absorbing scattered radiation and decreasing fogging |
Grid cut-offunderexposed areas at the edges of a radiograph due to absorption of more of the primary beam by the grid |
Grid factorthe amount by which the mAs has to be increased when using a grid |
Grid linesfine lines which are apparent on a radiograph when a stationary grid is used |
Grid ratio |
Guard hairthe longest, thickest hairs in an animal's coat, forming the topcoat. They protect the undercoat and are often waterproof. |
Gustationscientific name for the sensation of taste |